“It is my belief, that the truth is generally preferable to lies.” – Albus Dumbledore, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire , Chapter 37, J. K. Rowling Physicians exert tremendous effort to uncover the truth. For example, in cases of chest discomfort, the classic triad of troponin, ischemic electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, and typical angina may be used to rule in or rule out myocardial infarction (MI). The importance of accurately diagnosing MI cannot be overstated: from more than 7 million annual emergency department visits for chest discomfort [1] , more than 1 million myocardial infarctions are reported per year in the United States [2] .