Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia globally and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality [ ]. AF and chronic kidney disease (CKD) share common risk factors. Further, CKD itself is an independent risk factor for AF and thromboembolic events such as stroke [ , ]. Prior literature has discussed the burden of AF hospitalizations amongst patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) [ ]. However, literature examining comparative outcomes of AF hospitalizations without CKD and with CKD and ESRD (on dialysis) has been lacking. Therefore, we conducted this study from a large national database to understand this gap in the literature.